Isifunda sase-Omagua sitholakala esifundeni sase-Amazon eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi ePeru naseBrazil. Njengoba iphawuleka ngokuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwaso okuchichimayo, isifunda sase-Omagua sinendawo eyisicaba ikakhulukazi, enemifula namachibi akha inethiwekhi eminyene ye-hydrographic. Izimbali zayo zihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla, izitshalo, nezimbali, kuhlanganise nezihlahla zesundu, ama-bromeliad nama-orchid. Izilwane zakulesi sifunda zihlukene ngokulinganayo, ziyikhaya lezilwane eziningi ezinjengama-jaguar, ama-capybara, ama-macaw, ama-toucan nezinye. Isifunda sase-Omagua siyipharadesi lemvelo langempela elifanele ukulondolozwa nokuvikelwa.
Izici zemvelo ezikhuthaza ukuhlukahluka ehlathini lemvula lase-Amazon: ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe.
Esifundeni sase-Omagua, esise-Amazon, izici eziningana zemvelo zinomthelela ekwandeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezitholakala kulesi simiso semvelo esiyingqayizivele. Izwe elimangelengele, elinezintaba nezigodi, lidala izimo zezulu ezincane ezithanda ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezihlukene zezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwemifula namachibi kunikeza izindawo zokuhlala zasemanzini ezihlukahlukene, ikhaya lenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Izitshalo zesifunda sase-Omagua zakhiwe yizinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezihlahla, izitshalo nezimbali, ezinye zazo ezitholakala kule ndawo kuphela. Ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi, ecebile ngezakhamzimba, nakho kunegalelo ekwahlukeni kwezitshalo. Lezi zimo ezinhle zivumela izitshalo ukuba zikhule ngokuchichimayo, zidale indawo enobuhle obungenakuqhathaniswa.
Ngokuphathelene nezilwane, isifunda sase-Omagua siyikhaya lezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane, kusukela ezinambuzaneni ezincane kuya ezincelisayo ezinkulu. Ukudla okuningi kanye nokuba khona kwezindawo ezivikelwe kuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezinhlobo eziningi, ezinye zazo ezisongelwa ukuqothulwa. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukene nakho kunegalelo ekucebeni kwezilwane, ngezinhlobo ezijwayeleke ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Ngamafuphi, izici zemvelo ezikhona esifundeni sase-Omagua, njengokukhululeka, ukutholakala kwamanzi, ukuhlukahluka kwenhlabathi, nokuvikelwa kwendawo yokuhlala, kukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezitshalo nezilwane ezitholakala kulesi simiso sezinto eziphilayo. Ukugcina lezi zakhi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kwalo mcebo wemvelo.
Ukuthola ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo nezilwane ehlathini: yini esingayithola?
Isifunda sase-Omagua, esiseNingizimu Melika, saziwa ngokucebile kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nemvelo ecwebezelayo. Njengoba kunendawo enezikhukhula namahlathi aminyene, le ndawo iyikhaya lezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane.
Izitshalo zesifunda sase-Omagua zakha izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zasezindaweni ezishisayo, njenge -orchid , izihlahla zesundu , nezihlahla zezithelo . Amahlathi aminyene futhi agcwele izinto eziphilayo, ahlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala efanelekile yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izilwane zase-Omagua zihlaba umxhwele ngokufanayo, ngokuba khona kwama -jaguar , izinkawu , izinyoni ezimibalabala , kanye nezinye izilwane zasendle eziningi. Lesi sifunda siyipharadesi langempela labathandi bezilwane zasendle, sinikeza ithuba lokubona izinhlobo ezihlukile endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Ukuhlola ihlathi lase-Omagua kuyisipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele nesicebisayo, okusivumela ukuthi sixhumane nemvelo futhi sazise ukuhlukahluka kwalo. Njengoba sihamba ezindleleni eziluhlaza futhi silalela imisindo yehlathi, siyamenywa ukuba sicabange ngobuhle nobunkimbinkimbi balesi simiso sezinto eziphilayo esiyingqayizivele.
Bungakanani usayizi wehlathi lemvula lase-Amazon kanye nokutholakala kwalo kuyo yonke indawo yaseBrazil?
I-Amazon iyihlathi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni elishisayo, elithatha indawo elinganiselwa kumakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-6,7, cishe u-60% wawo useBrazil. Njengoba indawo enkulu kangaka, isifunda sase-Amazon sibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokulingana kwemvelo kweplanethi.
Isifunda sase-Omagua: izici, impumuzo, izitshalo, izilwane
Isifunda sase-Omagua, esimaphakathi ne-Amazon yaseBrazil, sinezici ezihlukahlukene ezisenza sihluke. Ukukhululeka kwayo kuphawuleka ngezikhukhula ezinkulu, ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-várzeas, nemifula emikhulu enqamula le ndawo. Izitshalo zakule ndawo ziluhlaza, zinezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla, izitshalo nezimbali.
Izilwane zase-Omagua nazo zicebile futhi zihlukahlukene, ikhaya lezinhlobo ezinjengama-jaguar, ama-giant otter, amahlengethwa omfula apinki, ama-toucan nezinkawu. Lesi sifunda saziwa futhi ngezinhlobo zaso zezinhlanzi ezihlukene, ezibalulekile ekuphileni kwemiphakathi yendawo.
Ngamafuphi, isifunda sase-Omagua siwumthombo wangempela wezinto eziphilayo zase-Amazonian, kanye nezwe eliyingqayizivele, izitshalo eziluhlaza, nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Ukulondoloza lesi sifunda kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nokugcina ibhalansi yemvelo ye-Amazon iyonke.
Isifunda sase-Omagua: izici, impumuzo, izitshalo, izilwane
Isifunda sase-Omagua, ihlathi lasezansi , noma ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon lingenye yezindawo zemvelo lapho indawo yasePeru ihlukaniswe khona. Liyingxenye yezwe ehanjwa yihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon.
Lapho abantu baseSpain befika endaweni yasePeruvia, bahlukanisa indawo yaba izindawo ezintathu ezinkulu, becabangela izici ezivelele kuleyo ngxenye yensimu.
Ngakho, izifunda ezintathu eziyisisekelo zavela ePeru:
-Isifunda esisogwini, esakha i-12% yendawo yasePeruvia, insimu yayo igezwa ngamanzi oLwandlekazi iPacific.
-Izindawo eziphakeme, ezakha u-28% wendawo futhi ziwela i-Andes.
-Isifunda sokugcina kwakuyihlathi, insimu yalo kwakuyihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon.
Kamuva, izifunda zemvelo zasePeru zaba eziyisishiyagalombili. Isifunda sasehlathini sasihlukaniswe kabili: isifunda saseRupa (Ihlathi Eliphakeme) kanye nesifunda sase-Omagua (Ihlathi Eliphansi).
Isifunda sase-Omagua siphakathi kwamamitha angu-80 no-400 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo, le ndawo inamazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka-22 no-30°C. Ibonakala ngokuba khona kwemifula eminingi nama-meders, amachweba, amaxhaphozi namaxhaphozi.
Umsuka wegama elithi Omagua
Igama lalesi sifunda livela kubantu bomdabu abangaziwa ababehlala endaweni ngezikhathi zangaphambi kwe-Columbian. Namuhla, ezinye izizwe zama-Omagua zisekhona osebeni loMfula i-Ucayali.
Tempo
Isimo sezulu sesifunda siyashisa impela, ngoba le ndawo iseduze kakhulu nezinga lolwandle (phakathi kwamamitha angama-80 no-400 ngaphezu kolwandle).
Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingu-25°C. Nokho, ingakhuphukela ku-35°C kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka.
Ingenye yezindawo zasePeru ezinemvula ephezulu kakhulu, enemvula yonyaka esukela ku-1000 kuya ku-5000 mm.
Flora
Izimila esifundeni sase-Omagua zihlukahlukene, njengoba kuyihlathi. Ihlathi eliphansi linezinhlobo zezihlahla ezingaphezu kuka-2500.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezimila kwenze iPeru yabhekwa njengelinye lamazwe acebile emhlabeni.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo zihlanganisa imisedari, amasundu, i-shapaja, i-aguaje, i-mahogany, ne-chonta. Ama-orchid nawo avamile kula mahlathi.
Izilwane zasendle
Njengoba isifunda sase-Omagua sinenqwaba yamanzi nemifula, izilwane zakulesi sifunda zicebile ngezinhlanzi.
Cishe zingu-600 izinhlobo zalezi zilwane ezirekhodiwe. Ezinye zezinhlanzi eziphawuleka kakhulu i-shad, paiche, ne-zúngaro.
Ngokufanayo, ukuba khona kwezimfudu kuyaphawuleka, okugqama phakathi kwe-charapa, i-taricaya ne-motelo.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, i-capybara, igundane elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, ivelele. Ngokufanayo, esifundeni sase-Omagua kuhlala ama-armadillo amakhulu, izinkawu, ama-jaguar, ama-otter, ama-manatee nezinhlobo eziningana zezinyamazane.
Ngokuqondene nezinyoni, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane, kuhlanganise ne-toucan, i-hoatzin, upholi, ne-macaw.
Impumuzo
Indawo yale ndawo iningi layo liyisicaba. Isifunda sase-Omagua sakhiwe amathafa angaphakami ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-400 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.
Kuyithafa elikhulu le-alluvial elakhiwe isenzo semifula eminingi yendawo kanye nemisele yayo, ikakhulukazi uMfula i-Amazon, onikeza leli hlathi igama lalo.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye enkulu yendawo iyisicaba, isifunda sase-Omagua sivame ukuba nezikhukhula ngezikhathi zemvula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imifula igcwala kalula uma imvula ine kakhulu.
Omagua Region Division
Isifunda sase-Omagua singahlukaniswa sibe yizifunda ezincane ezine, ngokuya ngobude: ama-aguajales, ama-restinas, izindawo eziphakeme kanye namaphethelo.
1- Ama-aguajales
Ama-aguajale athatha ingxenye yendawo eseduze nezinga lolwandle. Abizwa ngokuthi "ama-aguajales" ngoba ahlala egcwele amanzi.
2- Izinsalela
I-Restingas iphakeme kancane kune-aguajales. Zikhukhula kuphela lapho imifula emikhulu igcwala.
3- Okuphezulu
Izindawo eziphakeme yizindawo zesifunda sase-Omagua ezingagcwele amanzi. Ziyizindawo ezinzile, ezinzile kangangokuthi ziye zavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhungo zasemadolobheni.
4- Imiphetho
Ekugcineni, emaphethelweni yizindawo eziphakeme kakhulu endaweni yase-Omagua, embozwe amahlathi namahlathi ngokuphelele.
Amadolobha abalulekile
Njengoba kuchaziwe esigabeni esidlule, izikhungo eziningi zasemadolobheni zisezindaweni eziphakeme njengoba zivikelekile ezikhukhuleni.
Phakathi kwamadolobha abaluleke kakhulu esifundeni sase-Omagua yilawa:
– Iquitos, etholakala osebeni lomfula i-Amazon.
Pacalipa.
I-Puerto Maldonado.
Juanjuí.
I-Bagua.
– Yarimaguas.
Itilosi.
– Caballococha.
– Contamana.
I-Tarapoto.
Deli
I-cuisine yesifunda sase-Omagua ibonakala ngokuba khona kwezinhlanzi ezitsheni eziningi. Lokhu kungenxa yobuningi balokhu kudla.
Okunye ukudla okuvamile kulesi sifunda i-patarashca, inhlanzi ephelele esongwe ngamahlamvu e-bijao.
Lo mqulu ube usuwoswa phezu kwamalahle. I-Patarashca yenziwe ngokuqondile emaqabunga, inikeze ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele.
I-paiche egazingiwe ingesinye isidlo sezinhlanzi. I-Paiche inenyama eningi, enambithekayo.
Ezinye izitsha ezijwayelekile ezivela esifundeni sase-Omagua yilezi ezilandelayo:
-I-Tacacho : Iphekwa ngobhanana oluhlaza othosiwe, okhonzwa ne-pork pend ethosiwe (ebizwa nangokuthi i-pork pend).
-Inchicap i: Lesi isobho senkukhu. Umhluzi unongwe nge-cilantro, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi, upelepele omnandi, kanye namakinati. Ungafaka imifino (njenge-cassava, amazambane, kanye ne-ocumo) ukuze wenze isidlo esimnandi.
Izinkomba
- I-Amazon Rainforest kanye ne-Peruvian Rainforest. Ibuyiselwe ngo-Agasti 18, 2017, kusuka ku-scover-peru.org
- IJografi yogu lwasePeru, izintaba, nehlathi. Ibuyiselwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 18, 2017, kusuka ku-tripasavvy.com
- Isimo sezulu e-Amazon rainforest. Ibuyiselwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 18, 2017, kusukela ku-theonlyperuguide.com
- Amaqiniso Amahlathi. Ibuyiselwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 18, 2017, kusuka ku-peru-explorer.com
- UPam Barrett, (2002). I-Peru Ibuyiselwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 18, 2017, isuka ku-books.google.com
- I-Omagua Ibuyiselwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 18, 2017, kusukela ku-en.wikipedia.org
- Izindawo zokuphila zasePeru. Ibuyiselwe ngo-Agasti 18, 2017, kusukela ku-en.wikipedia.org.