"Imithetho yani?" umbuzo ovamile osetshenziselwa ukuthola ulwazi mayelana namazinga, imihlahlandlela, noma izinqubo okufanele zilandelwe esimweni esithile noma umongo. Le mithetho ingahluka kuye ngendawo yokusebenza, indawo umuntu asebenza kuyo, noma izimo ezithile zecala ngalinye. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuhlonipha imithetho emisiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuhlalisana okufanele ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila komuntu siqu kanye nochwepheshe.
Ukubaluleka kwemithetho kanye nomsebenzi wayo emphakathini wanamuhla.
Imithetho idlala indima ebalulekile enhlanganweni nasekusebenzeni komphakathi wanamuhla. Zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphilisana ngokuzwana phakathi kwabantu, ukumisa imingcele nokuqondisa ukuziphatha. Kodwa ithini imithetho?
Imithetho ikhona ukuze iqondise izenzo zamalungu omphakathi, ihlinzeka ngendawo ephephile nengabikezelwa. Bachaza izindinganiso zokuziphatha, basungula izimiso zokuhlalisana, futhi balawule ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphandle kwemithetho, isiphithiphithi nesiyaluyalu kungaba khona, kubeke engcupheni inhlalakahle yabantu bonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ubulungiswa nokulingana. Baqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uphathwa ngendlela efanele nangokulingana, kungakhathaliseki isizinda sakhe, isigaba senhlalo, noma isikhundla emphakathini. Ngokulandela imithetho, abantu ngabanye bafaka isandla ekwakheni umphakathi onobulungiswa futhi owesekayo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile semithetho umsebenzi wabo wezemfundo. Bafundisa izindinganiso ezifana nenhlonipho, isibopho, ukubambisana, nokubekezelelana, ukulungiselela abantu ngabanye ukuphila komphakathi. Ngokulandela imithetho, abantu bafunda ukuhlonipha amalungelo abanye futhi benze ngokuziphatha kahle nangokuzibophezela.
Ngamafuphi, imithetho ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhleleka, ubulungisa, nokuzwana emphakathini wanamuhla. Ziqondisa izenzo zomuntu ngamunye, zikhuthaza ukulingana nobulungiswa, futhi zifundisa abantu ngokuhlalisana komphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlonipha nokulandela imithetho, njengoba iyona eyenza umphakathi usebenze ngendlela efanele.
Ingakanani isamba semithetho eyakha ibhola?
Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi mingaki imithetho ekhona ebholeni, impendulo iwukuthi kunemithetho eyi- 17 eyakha umdlalo. Le mithetho imiswa yi-FIFA, inhlangano ebusayo emhlabeni yebhola, futhi isetshenziswa kuyo yonke imincintiswano esemthethweni.
Imithetho engu-17 yebhola ihlanganisa izici ezahlukene zomdlalo, kusukela ebukhulu benkundla kuya kumaphutha enziwa abadlali. Phakathi kwemithetho eyaziwa kakhulu kukhona ukwenqatshelwa kokusetshenziswa kwezandla, amaphutha kanye nezijeziso, i-offside, kanye nohlelo lokufaka amagoli.
Kubalulekile ukuthi abadlali, abaqeqeshi, onompempe nabalandeli bazi imithetho yebhola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho nokudlala ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi semidlalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi lwemithetho lusiza ukugwema izingxabano nokungezwani phakathi nemidlalo.
Ngakho-ke, uma ungumthandi webhola, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi imithetho engu-17 elawula umdlalo. Phela, ibhola lingaphezu nje kokukhahlela ibhola nokufaka amagoli - ngumdlalo odinga ukuzithiba, inhlonipho, kanye nolwazi lwemithetho okufanele idlalwe ngendlela efanele nengachemile.
Ukuqonda amazinga kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo okungokoqobo: incazelo kanye namacala anemifanekiso.
Iyini imithetho? Ukuqonda izindinganiso kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okusebenzayo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo, kungaba ngokomthetho, ngokwezenhlalo, noma ngokwenhlangano. Imithetho iyiziqondiso ezimisiwe zokuqondisa ukuziphatha nokuziphatha kwabantu esimweni esithile, okuhlose ukukhuthaza ukuhleleka, ukuphepha, kanye nobulungiswa.
Amazinga angaba yizinhlobo ezahlukene, njengemithetho, iziqondiso, amakhodi okuziphatha, nokunye. Zakhiwe ukuze zilinganise ukuziphatha kwabantu futhi ziqinisekise ukuphilisana ngokuzwana emphakathini. Isibonelo, emigwaqweni, imithetho yomgwaqo ibalulekile ukuvimbela izingozi nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabo bonke abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga abalulekile futhi emsebenzini, lapho izinkampani zisungula izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuqondisa ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ikhodi yezimiso zokuziphatha ingasungula imihlahlandlela yokuziphatha okuhle endaweni yebhizinisi.
Ngamafuphi, ukuqonda imithetho kanye nokusebenza kwayo okungokoqobo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo. Ngokulandela imithetho emisiwe, abantu bafaka isandla ekuzwaneni nokuphilisana okuhle emphakathini, ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha ezimeni ezahlukene.
Ukuhambisana kokulalela izinkambiso zokuhleleka komphakathi nokuzwana.
Ukuhambisana nezinkambiso kubalulekile ekuhlelweni komphakathi nokuzwana. Imithetho ikhona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle komphakathi, ukumisa imingcele nokuqondisa ukuziphatha komuntu ngamunye. Lapho abantu behlonipha futhi belandela imikhuba emisiwe, baba nengxenye ekugcineni ukuhleleka nokuhlalisana ngokuthula phakathi kwamalungu omphakathi.
Imithetho yokuhlala ndawonye emphakathini imiswa ngokusekelwe ezindinganisweni nasezimisweni ezihlose ukuvikela amalungelo nemisebenzi yomuntu ngamunye. Ihlanganisa izindawo ezahlukene, njengethrafikhi, indawo yokusebenza, imfundo, nokunye. Ukwehluleka ukulandela le mithetho kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi, kokubili kumuntu owenze icala kanye nomphakathi wonke.
Uma abantu belalela imithetho, izingxabano ziyagwenywa futhi ukuphepha nokuthula okuhlangene kuyakhuthazwa . Ukulalela imithetho nakho kunegalelo ekusebenzeni kahle nasekusebenzeni kahle kwezikhungo nezinhlangano, njengoba kuzivumela ukuthi zisebenze ngendlela ehlelekile nevumelanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulalela imithetho kuqinisa umbono wobulungiswa nokulingana , kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uphathwa ngendlela efanele nangokulinganayo.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu ngamunye aqonde ukubaluleka kokuthobela imithetho yokuhleleka komphakathi nokuzwana. Ngokuhlonipha imithetho emisiwe, sibamba iqhaza ekwakheni umphakathi onobulungiswa, ophephile, nosekelayo, lapho wonke umuntu engaphila ngokuthula nangokuzwana.
Iyini imithetho?
Imithetho iwuchungechunge lwemithetho esungulwe njengesibopho sokusebenza kwe-ejensi noma iqembu lezenhlalo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imiswe ngaliphi izinga, imithetho iyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuhleleka eqenjini elibusayo. Ukuze isebenze kahle, imithetho kufanele ibophezele kuwo wonke amalungu esikhala esebenza kuso.
Izindawo okumiswa kuzo imithetho ziyahlukahluka kusukela kwencane kuya kwenkulu. Ekhaya, abazali bafundisa izingane zabo uchungechunge lwemithetho ehloselwe ukukhuthaza izindinganiso nokukhuthaza umkhuba wokuzibophezela. Esikoleni, kunemithetho okufanele bayilandele abafundi.
Kamuva, emsebenzini, kunemithetho futhi ihlotshaniswa nomsebenzi wokwenza umsebenzi. Lezo ezinobubanzi obukhulu yilezo ezikhishwe ohulumeni ezindaweni ezehlukene.
Ezingeni lendawo, izimiso zivame ukuphasiswa, kuyilapho ezingeni likazwelonke kunemithetho, izinqumo, nezinqumo ezibeka imithetho.
Kuvamile ukuthi umthetho ophakeme kakhulu woMbuso uMthethosisekelo, osungula amalungelo ayisisekelo ezakhamuzi, kanye nokusebenza kwezikhungo zoMbuso.
Ukusetshenziswa nezizathu zemithetho
Inhloso yemithetho ngokuyinhloko igxile enhlalakahleni ehlangene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma imithetho isebenza kahle, iqembu elisebenza kulo lingaphila ngokuthula. Endabeni yamazwe, ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho nemithethonqubo kwakha umthetho.
Gcina ukuhleleka
Uma udlala, kungakhathaliseki izinga, kunemithetho okufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugcina ukuhleleka ngesikhathi somdlalo, ukuqinisekisa amalungelo alinganayo kubo bonke abadlali.
Lesi sibonelo singasetshenziswa kunoma yimuphi umkhakha, ngoba ukuze umphakathi usebenze, kuyadingeka ukuthi kungabi nesiphithiphithi futhi lokho kuhleleka kugcinwa kuzo zonke izici, ngokuhambisana nemithetho.
Ngale ndlela, ukungqubuzana kuyagwenywa njengoba kungekho simiso esihlanganisiwe esihlokweni esithinta iqembu elithile lomphakathi.
Qinisekisa amalungelo omuntu ngamunye
Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lezindinganiso emhlabeni iSimemezelo Sendawo Yonke Samalungelo Abantu, esasayinwa ngo-1948 eParis, eFrance.
Lesi simemezelo sisungula, ezihlokweni ezingamashumi amathathu, amalungelo ayisisekelo atholakala kuhlobo lwabantu. Kulula ukubona ukuthi noma yimuphi umthetho uhlose ukuqinisekisa amalungelo omuntu ngamunye, ukumvikela kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlaselwa noma ukucwaswa angabhekana nakho.
Amalungelo asungulwe yinoma yimuphi umthethonqubo asetshenziswa futhi kufanele ahlale eqhubekayo futhi angahlehli.
Ukuvikelwa kwesithunzi somuntu kungaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izimo futhi kuwuhlaka lapho noma yimuphi umthetho omisiwe kufanele uvikelwe.
Vikela amalungelo abanye abantu namaqembu
Njengoba nje amalungelo abantu ephoqelelwa umuntu ngamunye, nawo aphoqelelwa ngokuhlanganyela. Akekho ongavimba omunye umuntu ekusebenziseni ilungelo.
Ngakho-ke, noma yimuphi umthetho kufanele ube nenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwamalungelo eqembu lilonke, ngaphandle kokudala ukungqubuzana ngenxa yokuhlalisana kwamalungelo amalungu alo.
Esinye sezizathu zokusungula imithetho ukuthi okuqukethwe kwabo kufanele kuzanywe ukuhlanganisa abantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kube nokuvumelana okubavumela ukuthi basebenze futhi baphoqelelwe.
Gcina izikhungo zokuxazulula izingxabano
Nakuba imithetho yakhelwe ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana ngangokunokwenzeka, iyohlala ivela. Kungakho yona le mithethonqubo isungula imigudu okufanele yamukelwe ukuze kuxazululwe noma yikuphi ukungezwani okuvelayo.
Uma kuziwa ezingeni eliphansi, njengasekhaya, izinombolo ezindala zihlala zinegunya elengeziwe lokuxazulula izingxabano.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kumithethonqubo esungula izinkampani noma izikhungo, izindikimba zenziwa ngokunembile ukuxazulula izingxabano ezivelayo.
Ngokufanayo, e-United States, i-Judiciary inamandla okuxazulula noma yikuphi ukungqubuzana kwezomthetho okuvela ngokumangalelana noma ukuqulwa kwecala.
Dala uhlaka lokulingana ngaphambi komthetho
Ukulingana ngaphambi komthetho kungenye yezinkambiso zomthetho eziyisisekelo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi bonke abantu bayalingana, kodwa ukuthi umuntu ngamunye unezibopho ezifanayo zokuthobela umthetho nokujabulela izinzuzo zawo njenganoma ubani omunye.
Yingakho ihluka ngezibopho, ngoba akubona bonke abantu abanegunya elifanayo noma ubuholi obufanayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthobela okuyisibopho yikho okufana nokuthi abantu bangaphansi kokulawulwa yimithetho ethile.
Noma yimuphi umzamo wokuhlukanisa noma ukucwasa uyaphikisana nalokhu, okungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokusungula imithethonqubo.
Misa unswinyo kulabo abangahambisani nalo
Imithethonqubo ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, basungula izinhlawulo nezijeziso ezizosetshenziswa kulabo abehluleka ukulandela izihloko zabo noma ukuvumelana ngamazwi.
Noma yisiphi isijeziso esibekiwe kufanele sihloniphe ngokugcwele amalungelo abantu kanye nanoma yimaphi amanye amalungelo atholwa abantu.
Akekho ongakhipha izinhlawulo. Izikhungo noma abaqinisekisi bokugcinwa kwemithetho kanye nokulandelwa kwayo emphakathini banikezwe igunya lokusebenzisa amandla abo kulabo, ngezenzo zabo, bahlose ukwephula uhlaka lomthetho olumisiwe.
Phakamisa ushintsho lwabo
Awukho umthetho omuhle uma zingekho izindlela zokuwushintsha. Ekhaya, lapho umthetho ungakaze usetshenziswe, mhlawumbe kungenxa yokuthi awuhambisani nezidingo nezithakazelo zamalungu awo. Kwenzeka okufanayo ezweni.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, emibusweni yentando yeningi, izakhamuzi zikhetha abameleli abangakwazi ukwenza imithetho emisha noma bashintshe imithetho ekhona, ukuze ivuselelwe futhi inikeze amalungelo abantu abaningi.
Izinkomba
- Izinkantolo zaseCalifornia (2012). Stranded, noma Kungani Sinemithetho? California ngokuhlonishwa kwami. Izinkantolo zaseCalifornia . Kutholwe ku-court.ca.gov.
- Isiko lokusemthethweni. (n.d.) Kungani kubalulekile ukufundisa izingane ukuhlonipha imithetho? Isiko lokusemthethweni . Kutholwe ku-culturadelelegalidad.org.mx.
- Isikhungo Sokufunda Somthetho. (n.d.). Uyini umthetho? Isikhungo Sokufunda Somthetho . Kutholwe ku-judiciallearningcenter.org.
- Izizwe Ezihlangene. (1948). Isimemezelo Somhlaba Wonke Samalungelo Abantu . Izizwe Ezihlangene. Kutholwe ku-un.org.
- Uhlelo lwe-Rotoura Te Arawa Lakes. (n.d.). Kungani sidinga imithetho? Uhlelo lwe-Rotoura Te Arawa Lakes . Kubuyiswe ku-rotouralakes.co.nz.
- (n.d.). Iyini imithetho? I-Skwirk Online Education . Kubuyiswe ku-skwirk.com.
- Williams, A. (Novemba 18, 2015). Ukubaluleka kwemithetho kwezemidlalo. Ukukhululeka . Kubuyiswe ku-livestrong.com.