I-Rolando Cisura iyisakhiwo se-anatomical esitholakala ebuchosheni bomuntu, ehlukanisa i-lobe yangaphambili ne-parietal lobe. Ingenye yezici eziyinhloko zobuchopho bomuntu futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaniseni ukunyakaza nokusebenza kwezimoto, kanye nokucubungula ulwazi lwezinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifunda esizungeze i-Rolando Cisura sibaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini embalwa yengqondo, njengolimi, ukunaka, kanye nenkumbulo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokujulile izici nendawo ezungezile ye-Rolando Cisura, sigqamisa ukuhlobana kwayo nokusebenza kobuchopho bomuntu.
Ukwazi izindawo eziphambili ze-motor ze-cerebral cortex.
I-Rolando Cisura, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-sulcus emaphakathi, iyisakhiwo esibalulekile ku-cerebral cortex. Itholakala phakathi kwe-frontal kanye ne-parietal lobes, ihlukanisa izindawo ze-motor ze-cortex nezindawo zezinzwa. Izindawo eziphambili zezimoto ze-cerebral cortex yi-primary motor cortex, etholakala ku-precentral gyrus, kanye ne-premotor cortex, etholakala ngaphambi kwe-primary motor cortex.
I-primary motor cortex inesibopho sokwenza ukunyakaza komzimba ngokuzithandela. Ithola ulwazi ezindaweni zezinzwa futhi ithumele imiyalo emisipheni, inike amandla ukunyakaza okunembayo nokuhlelekile. I-premotor cortex, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihileleke ekuhleleni nasekuhleleni ukunyakaza, ukulungiselela umzimba ukuze usebenze.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezungeze i-Rolando Cisura kunezinye izindawo ezibalulekile, njenge-somatosensory cortex, enesibopho sombono wokuthinta kanye nobunikazi, kanye ne-prefrontal cortex, ehilelekile ekuhleleni izenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi nokulawula umfutho.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izindawo eziyinhloko ze-motor ze-cerebral cortex, njenge-primary motor cortex kanye ne-premotor cortex, kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukuthi uhlelo lwezimoto lusebenza kanjani kanye nobudlelwane balo nezinye izindawo zobuchopho. I-Rolando Cisura idlala indima ebalulekile kulo mongo, ihlukanisa izindawo zezimoto nezindawo zezinzwa futhi ivumele ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kokunyakaza komzimba.
Imisebenzi kanye nokwehlukana kobuchopho: umhlahlandlela ophelele ezifundeni zawo ezahlukene.
Ubuchopho buyisitho esiyinkimbinkimbi esinomthwalo wemisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile ekusebenzeni komzimba womuntu. Buhlukaniswe ngezifunda ezahlukahlukene, ngasinye sinezici zaso kanye nemisebenzi ethile. Esinye salezi zifunda yiRolandic Fissure , etholakala ebuchosheni bomuntu.
I- Rolandic Fissure , eyaziwa nangokuthi i- Central Sulcus , iyisigobo esijulile ku-cortex yobuchopho esihlukanisa i-frontal lobe ne-parietal lobe. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni ukunyakaza komzimba ngokuzithandela kanye nasekucutshungulweni kwezinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- Rolandic Fissure nayo ihilelekile ekulawuleni ulimi kanye nokubona ubuhlungu.
Sitholakala eduze kweRolandic Fissure , sithola ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zobuchopho, njenge-frontal lobe, ebhekene nokuhlela ukucabanga okungabonakali kanye nesenzo, i-parietal lobe, ebhekene nokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa kanye nokuqonda kwendawo, kanye ne-temporal lobe, ebhekene nenkumbulo nokuzwa.
Ukuqonda izifunda ezahlukene zobuchopho kanye nemisebenzi yazo ethile kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi isitho sethu esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu sisebenza kanjani. I- Rolandic Fissure ingenye yezifunda eziningi ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekhonweni lethu lokucabanga, ukuzwa, nokwenza izinto emhlabeni.
Isiphi isifunda sobuchopho esilawula ukukhiqizwa kolimi nenkulumo?
Ubuchopho buyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esakhiwe izifunda eziningana ezenza imisebenzi ethile. Esinye salezi zifunda yi-Rolando Cisura, ebhekele ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kolimi nenkulumo. Itholakala engxenyeni engaphambili yobuchopho, i-Rolando Cisura ixhunywe ngokuqondile nekhono lokukhuluma nokuziveza ngomlomo.
Uma ukulimala noma ukulimala kwenzeka kule ndawo yobuchopho, kuvamile ukuthi abantu bahlangabezane nobunzima bokuchaza amagama, ukuqonda ulimi, nokukhiqiza imisho ehambisanayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi u-Rolando Cisura udlala indima ebalulekile ekuhleleni nasekusebenziseni amakhono olimi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo ezungeze i-Rolando Cisura nayo idlala indima ebalulekile olimini nasekukhulumeni. Ukuxhumana nezinye izindawo zobuchopho, njenge-prefrontal cortex kanye ne-temporal cortex, kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi nokuxhumana kwezinqubo ezihilelekile ekukhulumisaneni ngamazwi.
Ngakho-ke, i-Rolando Cisura nezifunda ezingomakhelwane bayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kolimi nenkulumo. Izilonda kule ndawo yobuchopho zingathinta kakhulu ikhono lomuntu lokukhuluma nokuziveza ngomlomo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cerebral cortex: funda mayelana nezifunda nemisebenzi yengxenye ngayinye.
Ukuqonda ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cerebral cortex kubalulekile ekuqondeni izifunda ezahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yobuchopho bomuntu. Enye yezindawo ezibalulekile yi- Rolandic Fissure , etholakala ebuchosheni bomuntu. Lesi sifunda sitholakala phakathi kwe-frontal kanye ne-parietal lobes futhi sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni ukunyakaza komzimba ngokuzithandela.
Umfantu weRolandic uzungezwe izakhiwo zobuchopho ezibalulekile, njenge-precentral gyrus kanye ne-postcentral sulcus. Lezi zindawo zihilelekile ekulawuleni ukunyakaza kanye nezinzwa, ngokulandelana. Umfantu weRolandic uhlobene nokubona ubuhlungu kanye nokucutshungulwa kolwazi lwezinzwa oluvela emzimbeni.
Ukuqonda ubunzima be-cerebral cortex kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi ubuchopho bomuntu busebenza kanjani. Isifunda ngasinye sinemisebenzi ethile futhi sisebenzisana ngendlela ehlelekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle komzimba. I- Rolandic Fissure ingenye yezindawo eziningi ezibalulekile zobuchopho ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.
Rolando Cisura: izici nendawo ezungezile
Ubuchopho buyisethi yezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu esinazo, ngoba bulawula ukusebenza kwayo yonke into ukuze sikwazi ukuhlala siphila. Uma sibubheka ngaphandle, into yokuqala esingayibona yi- cerebral cortex, indawo encane egcwele imibimbi nama-fold . La ma-fold akha ama-curve noma ama-turn, kanye nama-grooves nama-fissure. Phakathi kwalokhu kokugcina, okubili kuvelele kakhulu futhi kusenza sikwazi ukuhlukanisa ama-lobes ahlukene: i-Sylvian fissure kanye ne-Rolandic fissure.
Kulesi sihloko , sizogxila ku-Rolando Fissure ukuze sihlaziye ukuthi iyini kanye nokubaluleka kwayo, kanye nezifunda ezizungezile kanye nokuphazamiseka okuthile okungase kuvele noma kudale imiphumela efanele kuyo.
I-Fissure ka-Rolando: Senzani?
I-fissure kaRolando, kanye ne-Sylvian fissure, ingenye ye-fissures efaneleke kakhulu futhi ebonakala kakhulu, i-sulci, noma i-clefts ku-cerebral cortex. Ebizwa nangokuthi i-sulcus ephakathi, le fissure ihlukanisa ngokuqondile ama-lobes angaphambili nawase-parietal, futhi ezingeni lokusebenza, ama-cortices amakhulu e-motor (indawo ye-Brodmann 4) kanye nezindawo ze-somatosensory (izindawo ze-Brodmann 1, 2, kanye no-3).
Lo mfantu uphinde uzungezwe yiziphazamiso zangaphambi kwesikhungo kanye nezangemuva kwesikhungo futhi utholakala ngambili, okusho ukuthi lo mfantu uvela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho. Uvela engxenyeni ephakathi yobuchopho futhi ufinyelela cishe ku-Sylvian fissure, uhlukaniswe ngeyodwa ye-opercula.
Ngaphezu kokwenza lokhu kuhlukaniswa, kucatshangelwa ukuthi endabeni yobuchopho eyenza i-Rolando fissure, kungase kube khona ukuhlangana okuthile phakathi kolwazi lwezimoto nezinzwa, ukuze lusebenze njengebhuloho futhi lufake isandla ekuhlanganiseni izinhlobo ezimbili zolwazi.
Intuthuko
Lo mfantu, ofana nokaSilvio, wakheka kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane . Ngokukhethekile, ungabonakala kuma-MRI scan kusukela esontweni lama-28 lokukhulelwa (nakuba kungaqagelwa kusukela esontweni lama-26 kwezinye izimo), ubonakala ezindaweni ze-parietal futhi ubonakala kakhulu futhi ujule njengoba ubuchopho bukhula.
Ukuphazamiseka kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nolwanga oluqhekekile
I-Rolando noma i-central fissure ingenye yezinto ezibonakalayo kakhulu kuwo wonke ubuchopho bomuntu futhi isivumela ukuba sihlukanise phakathi kwe-frontal lobes ne-parietal lobes, izifunda ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu zobuchopho. Nokho, i-Rolando fissure ngezinye izikhathi ayikho noma ingase ihileleke noma ithintwe izinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zalezi zimi kanje.
1. Lissencephaly
I-Lissencephaly, engenzeka ngokuphelele noma ingaphelele, iyisifo lapho ukukhula kwengane kuholela ekugoqekeni okuncane noma okungenakho nhlobo, ukugoqeka, kanye ne-sulci ebuchosheni . Kuyinkinga engaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene, engase iholele ekufeni kwengane noma kosana eminyakeni embalwa, futhi ibangele izinguquko ezifana nobunzima benhliziyo nokuphefumula noma ukuxhuzula. Ngezinye izikhathi, izingane ezinalesi sifo zingase zingabonakali izimpawu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile.
- Ungase ube nesithakazelo: "Lissencephaly: izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa"
2. Isifundo
Imithambo yegazi ephukile noma i-ischemia ingaba nomthelela ezindaweni ezizungeze ukuqhekeka kuka-Rolando, kubangele nokuba kube manzi. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezimbalwa ezingase zithinte ukusebenza kokunyakaza kanye/noma ukuzwa okuthintayo.
3. I-Rolandic Epilepsy
Isifo sokuwa yisifo lapho iqembu elilodwa noma ngaphezulu lama-neuron eba nomdlandla omkhulu wokushukunyiswa, ekugcineni okuholela ekubanjweni yisifo sokuwa. Isifo sokuwa i-Rolandic singenye yezifo zokuwa , futhi singenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezivamile ebuntwaneni.
Ukuquleka akubangeli ukulahlekelwa ukwazi futhi kubonakala ngokuqala ngomuzwa wokuthuthumela ogcina uholela ekungakwazini ukulawula ubuso nemilenze, okuholela ekugugulekeni okungalawuleki kulezi zindawo nokuvimbela ukukhuluma. Luhlobo lwesifo sokuwa esingenabungozi esivame ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokulala noma ekuseni futhi sibangelwa ukucasuka okukhulu kwama-neurons atholakala ku-Rolandic fissure.
4. Izimila
Ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimila zobuchopho kungabangela izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho , okuhlanganisa ukufuduka kwezimfa ezifana ne-Rolando kanye nokubhujiswa kwama-neurons atholakala ngaphakathi kuwo noma ezindaweni ezizungezile.
Izinkomba ze-Bibliographic:
- Cohen-Sacher, B.; U-Lerman-Sagie, T.; Lev, D.; Malinger, G. (2006). Izenzakalo ezibalulekile ze-Sonographic zokuthuthukiswa kwe-fetal cerebral cortex: isifundo se-longitudinal. I-Ultrasound ku-Obstetrics and Gynecology, 27: 494–502.
- Toi, A.; Lister, W. S. & Fong, K. W. (2004), Isheshe kangakanani i-fetus cerebral sulci ibonakala ku-ultrasound yangaphambi kokubeletha futhi iyini iphethini evamile yokukhula kwe-fetus sulcal ekuqaleni? I-Ultrasound ku-Obstetrics and Gynecology, 24: 706–715.