UWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, omunye wabaqambi abakhulu emlandweni womculo wakudala, akashiyanga nje ifa lemisebenzi emihle kodwa futhi namazwi akhuthazayo nahlakaniphile. Izingcaphuno zakhe zibonisa ubuhlakani bakhe, uthando lwakhe lomculo, kanye nombono wakhe wezwe oyingqayizivele. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izingcaphuno ezingu-20 ezihamba phambili zika-Mozart ezisenza sibonise, sisishukumise, futhi sisikhuthaze ukuthi sithokozele ubuhle bempilo nobuciko.
Imuphi wezincwadi zikaMozart oye wazuza impumelelo enkulu nokuqashelwa phakathi namakhulu eminyaka?
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, incwadi eyodwa kaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart iye yagqama njengethandwa kakhulu neyaqashelwa kakhulu: i-opera ethi "The Magic Flute." Iqanjwe ngo-1791, le opera iye yajabulisa ababukeli bayo yonke iminyaka nezizwe, yaba yingoma yakudala ye-operatic repertoire. Ngenhlanganisela yayo enothile yomculo onyakazayo, abalingisi abahehayo, necebo eligcwele umlingo nokuzidela, i-"The Magic Flute" isengomunye wemisebenzi ethandwa kakhulu futhi eyaziswa kakhulu ka-Mozart.
Ngaphandle kobuhlakani bakhe bomculo, uMozart ubuye akhunjulwe ngezingcaphuno zakhe ezikhumbulekayo nezikhuthazayo. Ngezansi ezinye zezingcaphuno ezihamba phambili zomqambi ezingu-20:
- “Umculo uwulimi lwenhliziyo.”
- "Uthando, uthando, uthando: lowo ngumphefumulo womculo."
- “Injabulo yenza okufunayo nokufuna okwenzayo.”
- "Umculo uwubuciko obusondelene kakhulu nezinyembezi nezinkumbulo."
- “Lapho ngi… ngibe sengizizwa sengathi ngingumdali, futhi ngiyajabula.”
- "Ngibhala umculo njengengulube imba ama-truffles."
- "Ungakukholwa lokho amehlo akho akubonisa kona. Ingxenye yomhlaba kuphela engabonwa. Umculo uwulimi lwenhliziyo."
- "Ubuhle abubukeki, buyabukwa nje."
- “Yizwani, yizwani, yizwani: okunye kuyize nokuhlupheka.
- "Umculo uwubuciko obungenakubonwa."
- "Umculo uyisimangaliso sangempela, ubuciko obuseduze kakhulu nokuphila, isifundo sokuhlakanipha esifundiswa ukuphila."
- "Umculo yisambulo esiphezulu kunakho konke ukuhlakanipha nefilosofi."
- “Ugqozi yisipho esisithola kuNkulunkulu futhi okumele sabelane nabanye ngaso.”
- "Umculo yisambulo esiphezulu kunakho konke ukuhlakanipha nefilosofi."
- “Umculo awuyona into eyasungulwa umuntu, kodwa uyisipho esivela kuNkulunkulu, ukubonakaliswa kokuhleleka kwaphezulu.”
- “Umculo uwulimi oluqondwa yiwo wonke umuntu, ngisho noma bengakhulumi ulimi olufanayo.”
- “Umculo uwulimi lwemimoya.”
- “Umculo yiwo osenza sibe ngabantu, yiwona osihlanganisayo, osenza seqe okujwayelekile.”
- “Umculo uwubuciko obusondela ekupheleleni, ngoba wenziwa ngenhliziyo nomphefumulo.”
- "Umculo yizwi lomphefumulo, ukubonakaliswa kwemizwa ejulile neyiqiniso."
Amazwi kaBeethoven ngomculo: ukubaluleka kwawo, amandla kanye nobuhle obudlulele.
Amazwi kaBeethoven ngomculo aveza ukuqonda kwakhe okujulile ngobuciko bomsindo. Kumqambi owaziwayo, umculo wawungelona nje uhlobo lokuzijabulisa, kodwa ukubonakaliswa kwamandla nobuhle obudlulele. UBeethoven wayekholelwa ukuthi umculo unamandla okuthinta imiphefumulo yabantu ngendlela eyingqayizivele futhi ejulile, ekwazi ukuvusa imizwelo nemizwa engakwazi ukuvezwa ngamagama.
Kwesinye sezingcaphuno zakhe ezidume kakhulu, uBeethoven uthe, "Umculo uyisambulo esikhulu kunakho konke ukuhlakanipha nefilosofi." Lesi sitatimende sibonisa inkolelo yakhe emandleni omculo okweqa imingcele yolimi nokucabanga, ukuxhumana ngqo nenhliziyo nomphefumulo womlaleli.
KuBeethoven, umculo wawungaphezu kwenhlanganisela elula yemisindo; kwakuyindlela yobuciko ekwazi ukukhuthaza, ukuphakamisa, nokuguqula. Wabona emculweni amandla angenakuqhathaniswa okuxhumanisa abantu bodwa kanye nendawo yonke, edala isipiliyoni esidlulele esidlulela ngale kwemikhawulo yezinto ezingokoqobo zansuku zonke.
NjengoBeethoven, uMozart naye wayewuqonda umculo njengamandla anamandla naguqulayo. Izingcaphuno zakhe ezingu-20 ezihamba phambili zibonisa uthando lwakhe nokuzinikela kwakhe kwezobuciko bomculo, ezigqamisa ukubaluleka komculo ezimpilweni zethu kanye nekhono lawo lokusihambisa esimweni sokujabula nokuzindla.
Wayengubani uthisha womculo kaMozart?
UWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, omunye wezihlakaniphi ezinkulu zomculo wakudala, wayenoyise, uLeopold Mozart, njengothisha wakhe wokuqala womculo. ULeopold wayengumculi onekhono nohlonishwayo owanikela ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe ekufundiseni umculo, ezinganeni zakhe nakwabanye abafundi.
ULeopold Mozart wayenguthisha womculo onethonya eSalzburg, e-Austria, lapho kwakuhlala khona umkhaya wakubo. Wafundisa uWolfgang nodadewabo omdala, uMaria Anna, kusukela esemncane, ethuthukisa uthando olujulile nekhono lomculo kubo. ULeopold wayenguthisha oqinile, kodwa futhi enakekela futhi ezinikele empumelelweni yabafundi bakhe.
Izimfundiso zikaLeopold Mozart zazibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komculo kaWolfgang, futhi wabonisa ikhono eliyingqayizivele kusukela esemncane. Ngenxa kayise, uMozart wayenesisekelo esiqinile solwazi lomculo kanye namasu, okwamsiza ukuba abe omunye wabaqambi abanethonya elikhulu emlandweni.
Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi uLeopold Mozart wayengeyena ubaba kuphela, kodwa futhi uthisha womculo kaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, waba neqhaza elikhulu empumelelweni yakhe nefa kumculo we-classic.
Bebunjani ubuntu bukaMozart nesitayela sakhe somculo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe?
UWolfgang Amadeus Mozart wayengomunye wabaqambi abahlakaniphe kakhulu emlandweni womculo wakudala. Ubuntu bakhe baphawulwa uthando olunzulu lomculo nokudala okujulile. Naphezu kokubhekwa njengongqondongqondo kwezomculo, uMozart wayaziwa ngobuntu bakhe obukhululekile nobudlalayo, okwakuvame ukumenza azithole esezimweni ezihlekisayo neziyimpikiswano.
Mayelana nesitayela sakhe somculo, uMozart wayaziwa ngekhono lakhe elimangalisayo lokudala izingoma ezimnandi neziyinkimbinkimbi. Umculo wakhe wawuhambisana nokuvumelana okuphelele, imininingwane ecebile, nokuveza imizwelo. U-Mozart waba yingcweti kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomculo, njenge-opera, i-symphony, ikhonsathi, nomculo we-chamber, futhi umsebenzi wakhe uhlanganisa izitayela ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kokwakudala kuye kwezothando.
Naphezu kokuphila kwakhe okufushane, u-Mozart ushiye ifa lomculo elimangalisayo eliqhubeka lijabulisa futhi likhuthaza izizukulwane zabaculi nabalaleli kuze kube namuhla. Umculo wakhe awuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi uthinta yonke indawo, uthinta izinhliziyo zabo bonke abawuzwayo, kungakhathaliseki isizinda sabo noma amasiko.
Izingcaphuno ezingu-20 ezihamba phambili zikaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart:
1. “Umculo uwulimi lwenhliziyo olungenamagama.”
2. “Iciko leqiniso aliziqhenyi, libona ubukhulu obungapheli ngokuthobeka.”
3. “Ubuhle bomculo wukuthi ungasiyisa komunye umhlaba.”
4. “Umculo uwubuciko obuqondile kakhulu, ungena ngendlebe uqonde ngqo enhliziyweni.”
5. “Umculo ungowasezulwini, ungowaphezulu, futhi muhle kangangokuthi uthakazelisa umphefumulo futhi uwuphakamise ngaphezu kwesimo sawo.”
6. “Umculo kufanele ube yingxenye yempilo yakho yansuku zonke, njengokudla namanzi.”
7. “Umculo yizwi lenhliziyo, elikhuluma ngaphandle kwamazwi futhi lisithinta ngokujulile.”
8. “Umculo uwubuciko bokuveza imizwa ejulile yomphefumulo, ngaphandle kwamagama.”
9. “Umculo uwulimi lwesintu lomhlaba wonke, oludlula imigoqo nezinhliziyo ezixhumanisayo.”
10. “Umculo uwuhlobo olumsulwa lobuciko, ngoba uvela ngokuqondile emphefumulweni womculi.”
11. “Umculo uwumuthi womphefumulo, owelapha amanxeba angokomzwelo futhi usenze sizizwe siphila futhi.”
12. “Umculo uwukubonakaliswa okuqotho kakhulu kwemizwelo yomuntu, ekwazi ukukhuluma izinto ezingenakuchazwa.”
13. “Umculo uyibhuloho elisihlanganisayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sihluke ngani.”
14. “Umculo yizwi lomphefumulo, elikhuluma ulimi lwenhliziyo futhi lisihlanganise ngokuvumelana.”
15. “Umculo uwukubonakaliswa okuhle kakhulu kothando, okudlula isikhathi nendawo.”
16. “Umculo ungamandla ashukumisa indawo yonke, asixhumanisa nengqikithi yokuphila.”
17. “Umculo uyintambo ehlanganisa yonke into ephilayo, ehlanganisa yonke into ephilayo kumculo waphakade.”
18. “Umculo uwukudla komphefumulo, ondla ingqikithi yethu futhi usenze seqe imikhawulo yokuphila kwasemhlabeni.”
19. “Umculo uwukubonakaliswa okumsulwa kobuhle bendawo yonke, ozwakala kuwo wonke ama-athomu futhi usixhumanise nakho konke okukhona.”
20. “Umculo uwulimi lomphefumulo, olukhuluma ngokuqondile nenhliziyo futhi lusiyise esimweni sokwesasa nokuthakathwa.”
Izingcaphuno ezingu-20 ezihamba phambili zikaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart
UWolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791) wayengomunye wababhali bezingoma zakudala nabadlala upiyano abadumile nabakhunjulwa kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.
Wazalelwa ekukhuleni komculo wakudala, e-Austria, waba nomsebenzi ongakholeki futhi ongaphambi kwesikhathi, lapho amukela khona zonke izinhlobo zomculo zesikhathi sakhe, kusukela emculweni we-symphonic kuya emculweni we-chamber, ama-opera, izingcezu zepiyano... ukusakazeka okweqa imingcele yaseYurophu.
Izindatshana ezihlobene:
- "Izingcaphuno ezingu-72 mayelana nomculo zabathandi bomculo abafana nawe"
- "Izingcaphuno ezingu-35 ezihamba phambili ezivela ku-Ludwig van Beethoven"
Izingcaphuno ze-Mozart ngomculo, ubuciko kanye nempilo
Ukuze sizame ukuqonda ingqondo enkulu yokudala yeNgcali ye-Classicism, sinqume ukuhlanganisa izingcaphuno ezinhle kakhulu ezivela kuWolfgang Amadeus Mozart . Ithalente elimsulwa.
1. Into edingeka kakhulu, enzima futhi eyinhloko emculweni yisikhathi.
Isicaphuna esihle sikaMozart mayelana nesici esibalulekile sokuqanjwa komculo okulungile.
2. Angithandi ukunconywa noma ukugxekwa, ngilandele imizwa yami.
Mayelana ne-ego yakhe, ngokusekelwe kulokho akubona kudingekile ohlangothini lwakhe lomzwelo.
3. Umculo uwukuphela kwendlela eya kokudlulayo.
Isicaphuni esidumile se-premonitory: Izikolo zakhe zishiye ifa elingenakuqhathaniswa nelingenakufa.
4. I-Melody iwumongo womculo.
Okunye ukucabangisisa ngobuciko ayeba sezingeni eliphezulu.
5. Uma iJalimane, izwe lakithi elithandekayo, enazi ukuthi ngiyaziqhenya ngalo, lingamukelanga, kufanele, egameni likaNkulunkulu, ngihlale eFrance noma eNgilandi ngibe namahloni ngeJalimane njengesizwe.
Ayehlala esibheka njengesizwe sakhe sesibili.
6. E-Salzburg angazi ukuthi ngingubani, ngiyikho konke futhi ngezinye izikhathi akukho lutho, kodwa angikuceli okuningi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ngicela lokhu kuphela - kodwa okuthile kuphela - ... uma ngiyinto nje kwenye indawo engizokwazi.
Mayelana nedolobha lakubo iSalzburg, encazelweni eyinkimbinkimbi.
7. Into engingayithandi ngeSalzburg, futhi lokhu ngikusho ngenhliziyo yami yonke, ukuthi abukho ubudlelwano obufanele bomphakathi obungasungulwa nalaba bantu, ukuthi umculo awunasithunzi esingcono, nokuthi umbhishobhi omkhulu akabathembi abantu. Abantu abahlakaniphile abaye bahamba.
Isihlamba esincane edolobheni azalelwa kulo.
8. Uma iNgonyama ingithanda izongikhokhela, ngoba udumo lokuhlala nalo ngedwa alwaneli.
Isampula yesilinganiso sakhe sokuzidla.
9. Ukufa, ukukubiza ngegama lakho, kuyinjongo yangempela yokuphila kwethu. Yingakho eminyakeni embalwa nginobudlelwano nalo mngane weqiniso womuntu.
Umbono oyingqayizivele ngokufa. UWolfgang Amadeus Mozart ushone eneminyaka engu-35.
10. Yinye kuphela into embi ukwedlula umtshingo, imitshingo emibili.
Umbono ka-Amadeus wokuphelelwa yithemba lapho eqashwa ukuqamba i-The Magic Flute.
11. Umpristi uyakwazi noma yini.
UMozart wagxeka izakhiwo zeBandla.
12. Akukho ukuhlakanipha okuphakeme, noma umcabango omkhulu, noma kokubili ndawonye kwakha ubuhlakani; Uthando, lowo ngumphefumulo wobuhlakani.
Imizwa ihumusha ubuhlakani emsebenzini ofanelwe ukunconywa.
13. Kuyiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi ukwenza ubuciko bami sekulula kimina. Ngiyakuqinisekisa, mngane othandekayo, ukuthi akekho ofunda kanzima njengami.
Umfundi ongakhathali womculo, akakwazanga ukubekezelela noma ngubani ukungabaza ukuzibophezela kwakhe.
14. Ngemva kokuba uNkulunkulu enguyise.
Umuntu wokuqala onegunya, uNkulunkulu; owesibili, umninindlu.
15. Nginike upiyano oluhamba phambili e-Europe, kodwa nababukeli abangakufuni noma abakuzwa lokho engikudlalayo ngami, futhi ngizolahlekelwa yikho konke ukunambitheka kwami kokusebenza.
Ngesidingo sokuthi umphakathi uzinikele kungqondongqondo.
16. Nikeza inja yami u-Pimperl ingxenye kagwayi waseSpain, ilofu yesinkwa esihle, nokuqabula kathathu.
Ibinzana elihle elivela ku-Mozart elisivumela ukuba sibone uhlangothi lwakhe lomuntu nolwasekhaya.
17. Uma ngingakutshela konke engikwenzayo ngomfanekiso wakho owuthandayo, uzohleka. Isibonelo, uma ngiyikhipha emgodini, ngithi: Sawubona, gugu! Sawubona, sawubona, brat, naughty, ikhala elicijile, isinambuzane.
Ngokuhambisana nemigqa efanayo neyangaphambili, ngaphandle kohlangothi lwayo oluthenda kakhulu.
18. Ku-opera, izinkondlo kufanele ngenkani kube indodakazi elalelayo yomculo.
Isigaba esiphakathi kwezobuciko, ngenhloso yokuzuza ukuzwana okuphelele.
19. Akekho ongalinganisa izinsuku zakhe, kumele udele. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngokuthanda kwe-Province.
Mayelana nokufa Omunye waleyo mishwana kaMozart ekhuluma ngokuqiniseka okuthile emcabangweni wokufa.
20. Abangane abasha, izinhlungu ezintsha.
Ibinzana mayelana nobungane, ukuhlushwa okudingekayo empilweni yanoma yimuphi umuntu.