"Psychoanalyzing a Compulsive Liar: Ikesi Langempela" iyi-akhawunti enemininingwane yokwelashwa kwengqondo yomuntu ohlushwa yi-compulsive lying disorder. Kule ncwadi, umlobi uhlola imvelaphi kanye nezisusa ngemuva kokuziphatha okuqamba amanga kwesiguli, kanye nezinselele ezibhekana nazo phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha. Ngokuhlaziya okujulile kokuhlangenwe nakho nemizwa yesiguli, umfundi uyamenywa ukuba azindle ngobunkimbinkimbi bomqondo womuntu kanye namathuba okwelapha lolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ukwembula izimfihlo zomqondo womqambimanga oyimpoqo: qonda izisusa nokuziphatha kwawo.
Namuhla sizohlaziya indaba yempilo yangempela yomuntu onamanga oyimpoqo ngokombono we-psychoanalytic. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izisusa nokuziphatha ngemuva kwalolu hlobo lokuziphatha ukuze sikwazi ukubhekana nakho ngempumelelo.
Esifundweni sethu sendaba, sizobiza umuntu ngamunye ngoJohane. UJohn uyindoda ebonakala ivamile, kodwa unomkhuba ophindaphindayo wokuqamba amanga ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwakhe. Uqamba amanga ngomsebenzi wakhe, impilo yakhe yomuntu siqu, ngisho nangezinto ezincane ezingabalulekile.
Ngokusho kwe-psychoanalysis, abaqambimanga abayimpoqo ngokuvamile banesidingo ukugunyazwa e ukwamukelwa kakhulu. Bakholelwa ukuthi bazokwaziswa kuphela uma bethula isithombe esiqondile ngabo, esibaholela ekusunguleni izindaba nezimo ezingabonisi iqiniso.
Endabeni kaJoão, siyaqaphela ukuthi amanga akhe ahlobene nokujula ukungazethembi e ukuzenyezaWesaba ukuthi uma abantu bemazi ngempela ngeke bamthande. Ngakho udala umuntu oqanjiwe akholelwa ukuthi ukhanga kakhulu futhi uthakazelisa.
Ukwengeza, abaqambimanga abayimpoqo ngokuvamile banobunzima bokubhekana nabo imizwelo e izingxabano zangaphakathiUkuqamba amanga kuba yindlela yokubalekela iqiniso futhi ugweme ukubhekana nezinkinga nezinkathazo zakho.
Ngakho-ke, lapho psychoanalyzing umqambimanga oyimpoqo njengoJoão, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuqonda izisusa zakhe ezijulile kanye namaphethini okuziphatha okumholela ekubeni aqambe amanga ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kulapho kuphela lapho singakwazi khona ukusiza laba bantu ukuthi babhekane nezinkinga zabo zemizwa futhi bafune impilo eyiqiniso neyiqiniso.
Ukuphazamiseka lapho umuntu eqamba amanga futhi ekholelwa amanga akhe: liyini igama?
Isiyaluyalu lapho umuntu aqamba amanga khona futhi akholelwe amanga akhe kubizwa mythomaniaKulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya ngengqondo icala langempela lomqambimanga oyimpoqo ukuze sisiqonde kangcono lesi simo.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi i-mythomania ayiyona nje indaba yokuqamba amanga ngezikhathi ezithile. Endabeni yezinganekwane, ukuqamba amanga kuyingxenye yobunikazi babo, futhi ngokuvamile bakholelwa ngobuqotho izindaba abazixoxayo, ngisho noma ziqanjwe ngokuphelele.
Endabeni esizoyihlaziya, isiguli okukhulunywa ngaso sabonisa indlela yokuziphatha lapho sasihlala siqamba amanga ngempilo yaso siqu, siqamba izinganekwane ezinde ukuze sihlabe umxhwele abanye. Nokho, lapho ebhekana nokungqubuzana kwezindaba zakhe, wamane waphika iqiniso futhi waqhubeka ekholelwa amanga akhe.
I-Psychoanalysis ingaba ithuluzi eliwusizo lokuqonda izimbangela zalokhu kuziphatha. I-Mythomania ivame ukuhlobene nezindaba zokungazethembi, isidingo sokwamukelwa emphakathini, nobunzima bokubhekana namaqiniso. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe ukuze ubhekane nalesi sifo futhi uthole izindlela ezinempilo zokuveza ubuwena.
Amasu okusebenzelana nabantu abanomkhuba wokuqamba amanga njalo.
Lapho usebenzisana nabantu abanomkhuba woku eqamba amanga njalo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu asebenzayo okubhekana nalesi simo esibucayi. I-Psychoanalysis ingaba yindlela ewusizo yokuqonda izizathu zokuziphatha komuntu. umqambimanga oyimpoqo futhi uthole izindlela zokubhekana nakho.
Isu elibalulekile ukusungula imingcele ecacile neqinile nge umqambimanga oyimpoqoKubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ukuqamba amanga akubekezelelwa nokuthi kunemiphumela yalokhu kuziphatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukwesekwa nesikhuthazo kumuntu ukuthi afune usizo lochwepheshe ukuze abhekane nezinkinga zakhe ezingokomzwelo.
Elinye isu elisebenzayo ukujwayela ukuzwelana nokuzama ukuqonda izizathu ezibangela amanga omuntu. Ngokuvamile, umqambimanga oyimpoqo Kungenzeka ukuthi balingisa ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka okudlule, ukuzethemba, noma ubunzima bemizwa. Ngokubonisa ububele nokuzama ukuqonda umbono wabo, ungakha ubuhlobo bokwethembana futhi usize umuntu athole izindlela ezinempilo zokubhekana nemizwa yakhe.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukusungula ukuxhumana okuvulekile nokwethembeka nomuntu umqambimanga oyimpoqo. Dala indawo ephephile nenesizotha ukuze umuntu azizwe ekhululekile ukwabelana ngezinto ezimkhathazayo futhi afune usizo lapho kudingeka. Ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye noma kweqembu kungaba ithuluzi elibalulekile ekusizeni umqambimanga oyimpoqo bhekana nezindaba zakho ezithinta imizwa futhi uthuthukise amakhono okuxhumana ngobuqotho nangokwethembeka.
Ngokwamukela la masu kanye nokufuna ukusekelwa kochwepheshe, kungenzeka ukusiza i umqambimanga oyimpoqo nqoba umkhuba wakho wokuqamba amanga njalo futhi uthole izindlela ezinempilo zokubhekana nemizwa nobudlelwano bakho.
Ukuziphatha komuntu one-mythomania: qonda indlela umuntu enza ngayo lapho eqamba amanga ngokuphoqelela.
Uma sicabanga ngomuntu ophethwe i-mythomania, sikhuluma ngothile onomkhuba wokuqamba amanga okuyimpoqo nokungalawuleki. Lesi simo singaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nakulabo abamzungezile. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi lokhu kuziphatha kubonakala kanjani, ake sihlaziye indaba yempilo yangempela yomqambimanga oyimpoqo.
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu zalabo abane-mythomania yi isidingo njalo sokusungula izindaba e amaqiniso angelona iqiniso ukugqama noma ukuheha ukunaka. Lawa manga angaba nemininingwane kangangokuthi kube nzima ukuwacalula. Nokho, umqambimanga oyimpoqo akanandaba nokuba yiqiniso kwezindaba zabo; bamane bafune ukuzanelisa okwesikhashana ngokuba yisizinda sokunakwa.
Ukwengeza, labo abaphethwe i-mythomania bavame dala iqiniso elihambisanayo lapho amanga abo eba yiqiniso. Lokhu kungaholela ekudidekeni nasekungqubuzaneni nalabo ababazungezile, abavame ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalokho okungokoqobo nalokho okwakhiwe. Umqambimanga oyimpoqo angafinyelela iphuzu lokukholelwa amanga awo, abe umjikelezo ononya okunzima ukuwunqamula.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuziphatha komuntu one-mythomania ukuntula ukuzisola noma umuzwa wecala mayelana namanga akhulunywayo. Umqambimanga oyimpoqo akanandaba nemiphumela yezenzo zabo futhi uvame ukuqhubeka nokuqamba amanga ngisho nalapho ebhekene neqiniso. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zobudlelwane, ukulahlekelwa ukwethembeka, nokuhlukaniswa nabantu.
Lesi simo singaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nakulabo abamzungezile, okwenza kube semqoka ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe ukubhekana nale nkinga.
I-Psychoanalyzing a compulsive ar: icala langempela
Umqambimanga oyimpoqo kanye ne-psychoanalysis: icala langempela
Kulesi sihloko, ngizoxoxa indaba (1), ukuhlaziywa, kanye nemiphumela ezuzwe yi-American psychoanalyst uStephen Grosz nesinye seziguli zakhe. Lesi siguli sathunyelwa udokotela womndeni waso ngenxa yokuthi sasingumqambimanga oyimpoqo, ukuze abone ukuthi uGrosz angasinikeza yini ukwelashwa ayekudinga ukuze ayeke ukuqamba amanga.
Umlando Wamanga: Umqambimanga Ophoqelelayo
Udokotela wathumela uPhilip (2) ukuba avakashele uDkt. S. Grosz ngemva kokuba ehlangane nomkakhe ngenhlanhla futhi umkakhe, ehlengezela izinyembezi, wamcela ukuba bakhulume ngalokho abangakhetha kukho. phatha. Umdlavuza wamaphaphu womyeni . Njengoba udokotela ekutshela, Empeleni uFiliphu wayephile saka , kodwa kusobala ukuthi wayeqambe lamanga ukuze atshele umkakhe.
Ngaphezu kwaleli qiniso, phakathi neseshini yokuqala, uPhilip wavuma amanye amanga akhe angenakubalwa kuGrosz ngokwakhe:
- Wayetshele umkhwe wakhe, intatheli yezemidlalo, ukuthi yayikhethwe esikhundleni seqembu laseNgilandi labacibishelayo .
- Emhlanganweni wokuqongelela imali wesikole, watshela uthisha womculo wendodakazi yakhe ukuthi naye wayeyindodana yomqambi odumile , naye owayeyisitabane futhi engashadile.
- Uphinde wathi amanga okuqala awakhumbula ewaqamba yilawo awatshela afunda naye esikoleni eneminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12, wathi uqashwe yi-MI5 ukuze aqeqeshelwe ukuba yi-ejenti .
Ingabe kuyingozi kakhulu?
Uma kukhona into eyodwa i-psychoanalyst yasheshe yaqaphela, kwakuwukuthi isiguli sakhe Wayebonakala engenandaba nokuthi “izisulu” zakhe zazi ukuthi uqamba amanga . Ngempela, njengoba uGrosz esho kufanele, lapho ebuzwa ukuthi wayenendaba yini nokuthi bacabanga ukuthi ungumqambimanga:
“Waphakamisa amahlombe.”
Futhi wengeza ngokuthi abantu ayeqamba amanga kubo kwakungavamile ukumphikisa . Eqinisweni, umkakhe wamane wakwamukela ukululama komyeni wakhe ngokuyisimangaliso; noma kuyisezala wavele wazithulela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho ebuzwa ukuthi amanga akhe abe nemiphumela enjani emsebenzini, waphikisa ngokuthi kuwo ” wonke umuntu uqamba amanga ” (ungumdidiyeli wethelevishini).
Amanga kumelaphi
Kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala, UGrosz wayazi kahle ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isiguli sakhe singase siqambe amanga kuye. , futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngenyanga ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Wayeka ukukhokha.
Kwathatha izinyanga ezinhlanu ukukhokha, futhi ngesikhathi ekhokha imali, wakhuluma amanga azo zonke izinhlobo , kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwakhe isheke, kuya ekunikeleni ngemali yakhe I-Freud House Museum .
Ngesikhathi egcina ekhokha, kwaba njalo impumuzo, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nokungahlaliseki, ngakolunye Ngaleso sikhathi, waqaphela ukuthi wayekhuluma amanga amakhulu namakhulu ukuze agweme ukukhokha, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, waqala ukuqonda ukuthi kungani eqamba amanga.
Kungani uqamba amanga nge-pathologically?
Lapho ehlaziya isimo ayebhekane naso, waqaphela ukuthi njengoba uFiliphu ayeqhubeka eqamba amanga kuye , yayihoxa, isiya ngokuya igodla .
Kungaleso sikhathi lapho ayenethuba lokuthi uPhilip wayesebenzisa leli thuba lomhlangano wezenhlalo, okusho ukuthi sithula lapho othile esiqambela amanga. Kodwa lokho bekungeke kuchaze kungani udinga ukuthola ukulawula okunjalo phezu kwesimo futhi ubangele ukuthula okunjalo .
Leli phuzu kwakuyi-axis emaphakathi yokwelapha phakathi nonyaka olandelayo.
Umsuka wenkinga
Kwakungenzeka kanjani, bakhulume ngobungane babo nomndeni wabo. Ngokusobala, kwakungekho datha ephawulekayo eyayibonakala ichaza isizathu se-pathology yabo. Kuze kube usuku olulodwa, UPhilip walandisa ngesenzakalo esasibonakala singabalulekile esabonakala sibalulekile. .
Kusukela eneminyaka emithathu ubudala, wayehlala ekamelweni elilodwa nabafowabo abangamawele. Kwesinye isikhathi wayevuka phakathi kwamabili ngenxa yomsindo wamakhasimende ephuma endaweni yokucima ukoma ngaphesheya komgwaqo. Uma kwenzeka lokhu, wayeke afune ukuchama, kodwa asale enyakaza embhedeni. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho esemncane, wayemanzisa umbhede futhi, ukuze agweme ukuqashelwa, asonge amaphijama acwile ngamashidi .
Ngakusasa ebusuku, lapho esezolala futhi, wathola amashidi akhe nezingubo zokulala kuhlanzekile futhi. Ngokusobala wayazi ukuthi kwakungunina, kodwa wayengatshelanga muntu okwakwenzekile, futhi eqinisweni, wayengazange amtshele uPhilip ngakho.
Njengoba uPhilip asho kahle phakathi neseshini:
“Ngicabanga ukuthi umama wayecabanga ukuthi ngizokuqeda lokho, futhi ngabhekana nakho, kodwa lapho eshona.
Kufanele kwengezwe ukuthi, uma kubhekwa isimo somndeni, UPhilip akazange alithole ithuba lokukhuluma nonina, ngoba wayehlala ematasa namawele (ayemncane kunoFiliphu), ngakho-ke, ngamazwi kaGrosz ngokwakhe, ebhekisela esigulini sakhe:
"Angikhumbuli ngikhuluma naye eyedwa; omunye wabafowabo noma uyise wayehlale ekhona. Ukuchama kwakhe embhedeni nokuthula kwakhe kancane kancane kwaba uhlobo lwengxoxo yangasese, into ababexoxa ngayo kuphela.
Kodwa le ngxoxo yashabalala lapho unina kaPhilip eshona ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kwaholela uPhilip ukuba aphindaphinde lolu hlobo lokuxhumana nabanye. Lapho uFiliphu eqamba amanga esilalelini sakhe, yena themba ukuthi ngeke usho lutho futhi ube i-acplice emhlabeni wakhe oyimfihlo .
Kukho konke lokhu, kulandela ukuthi amanga kaFiliphu ayengelona ukuhlasela komuntu siqu kwabakhulume naye, kodwa indlela yokugcina ukusondelana ayekwazi nonina , okwakuwukuphela kokuxhumana okujulile ayenakho naye.
Ngamafuphi, umqambimanga oyimpoqo ngu izizathu zokuhlola .
Amanothi ombhali:
1 Leli cala lithathwe encwadini ethi “Owesifazane Owayengafuni Ukuthanda Nezinye Izindaba Ezimayelana Nomuntu Ongazi lutho” p. 57-6, ISBN: 978-84-9992-361-1; isihloko sokuqala esithi “The Examination Life”.
2 Kuyo yonke incwadi yakhe, uStephen Grosz usebenzisa amanye amagama ukuze abhekisele ezigulini zakhe, kanye neminye imininingwane yomuntu siqu ukuze avikele imfihlo yazo.