Ukuba ngumama isikhathi esiyingqayizivele nesikhethekile ekuphileni kowesifazane, futhi ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nabesifazane abadala, abakulungele ngokomzwelo nangokwenyama ukunakekela umntwana. Nokho, kunezimo ezingavamile ezibekela lo mbono inselele, njengendaba kamama omncane emhlabeni, owabeletha eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala. Leli cala elishaqisayo liphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuba ngumama kusengaphambili nesidingo sokuvikelwa nokunakekelwa kwezingane ezinjalo. Kulo mongo, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngemiphumela engokomzimba, engokomzwelo, nengokwenhlalo yobunina basebancane obunjalo.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulelwa ingane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala?
Umama omncane emhlabeni kwakuyintombazane yasePeru eyabeletha ineminyaka emihlanu. Leli cala elishaqisayo liphakamisa imibuzo ngokuphila kokukhulelwa kwengane encane kangaka.
Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi ingane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala ayinakho ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo okudingekayo ukuze imelane nokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Umzimba wengane kuleyo minyaka usakhula futhi awukakulungeli ukudlula kuzo zonke izinguquko ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala ayinakho ukuvuthwa okwanele ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wayo kanye nosana olusesiswini sayo. Inqubo yokukhulelwa nokuba ngumama idinga ikhono lokuqonda nokunakekela ingane encane enjalo engenalo.
Ngakho-ke, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwengane eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala akunakwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuvikela impilo nenhlalakahle yezingane ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi zithola ithuba lokukhula nokukhula ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokubhekana nezinselelo zokuba ngumama.
Uneminyaka emingaki umama omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni womhlaba?
Umama omncane emhlabeni kwakunguLina Medina, intombazane yasePeru eyazala umntwana ophile kahle eneminyaka engu-5. Lesi senzakalo esishaqisayo senzeka ngo-1939 futhi sisewumama omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni womhlaba. ULina washeshe wathomba, okwaholela ekukhulelweni kwakhe okungalindelekile. Wahlolwa ngodokotela ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ukhulelwe, abaningi bengakholwa.
Iminyaka kamama omncane emlandweni wezwe oqoshiwe, eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, into evusa ilukuluku nokumangala. Lesi sigameko esiyingqayizivele sibonisa ukubaluleka kwempilo yocansi nokuzala, kanye nesidingo semfundo eyanele ngalezi zihloko kusukela esemncane. Ukuba ngumama kobungane kuyinto ekhathazayo futhi kufanele kusingathwe ngozwela nokunakekelwa yiziphathimandla nomphakathi uwonke.
Ubani owayeyingane encane eyakhulelwa emlandweni?
Umama omncane emhlabeni kwakunguLina Medina, intombazane yasePeru eyakhulelwa ineminyaka engu-5. Le ndaba eshaqisayo yenzeka ngo-1939 futhi isabhekwa njengenye yezimo eziphawuleka kakhulu kwezokwelapha.
ULina uphuthunyiswe esibhedlela abazali bakhe ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwesisu abebecabanga ukuthi yisimila. Nokho, odokotela bamangala lapho bethola ukuthi ukhulelwe. Ngemva kokwenza izivivinyo eziningi, baqinisekisa ukuthi ngempela intombazane yayilindele umntwana.
Nakuba esemncane, uLina wabeletha umntwana womfana ophile kahle esebenzisa isigaba C. Uyise wengane akakaze adalulwe, kanti leli cala liqubule imibuzo eminingi ngokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi nokunganakwa kwabazali bentombazane.
Namuhla, uLina ungowesifazane osekhulile futhi uphila impilo yangasese, kude nokubukwa kwabezindaba. Indaba yakhe isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kokuvikela izingane kanye nesidingo sokubika noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlukunyezwa.
Wayengubani ngempela ubaba wendodana kaLina?
Umama omncane emhlabeni, eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, kwakunguLina Medina, intombazane yasePeru eyabeletha ngo-1939. Leli cala lashaqisa umhlaba futhi laphakamisa imibuzo eminingi, kuhlanganise nokuthi wayengubani ngempela uyise wendodana kaLina. Kwabekwa imibono eminingi, kodwa uyise wengane akazange aqinisekiswe.
Abanye babecabanga ukuthi uyise kungenzeka ukuthi uyilungu lomndeni kaLina, kanti abanye babekholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uyisihambi. Nokho, ngaphandle kobufakazi obuphathekayo, ukuthi ubaba ungubani ngempela kuseyimpicabadala. ULina akakaze adalule ukuthi ubani uyise wendodana yakhe, imfihlo yathathwa naye wayiswa ethuneni.
Naphezu kokuqagela namahemuhemu, ukuthi ungubani ngempela uyise wendodana kaLina akukaze kuqinisekiswe. Icala likaLina Medina lisalokhu lingelinye elithakazelisa kakhulu emlandweni wezokwelapha, futhi umbuzo wokuthi ubani owazala indodana kaLina awukaphendulwa.
Umama omncane kunabo bonke emhlabeni: eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala
Kudonsela ukunaka lapho ingane encane ikhulelwa ; muva nje, kwakujwayelekile, kodwa kulezi zinsuku kubhekwa njengento engavamile, okungenani emazweni aseNtshonalanga.
Iqiniso liwukuthi omama abaningi abasebasha, naphezu kobunzima, bangaqhubekela phambili, sibonga futhi umusa wabazali babo, abavame ukubasekela kuleso sikhathi esinzima.
Kodwa uma sesivele sikubona kungavamile ukuthi othile angaba ngumama eneminyaka engu-14 noma engu-15 ubudala, okumangaza nakakhulu yindaba esizoxoxa ngayo kulesi sihloko: umama omncane kunabo bonke emhlabeni uneminyaka emihlanu kuphela ubudala, ngokusho kwe- New York Times . Ngezansi, sizobona ukuthi indaba yakhe yayiyini nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuvikela izingane ezincane kulokhu.
U-Lina Medina: umama weminyaka emi-5 kuphela
Nakuba ukukhulelwa kwengane kuyinto evamile kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi emazweni angathuthukile kangako, umama omncane kunabo bonke emhlabeni wayengakakhuli ngokwanele ukuya esikoleni samabanga aphansi . Indaba ithi uLina Medina, intombazane yasePeru eneminyaka emihlanu kuphela ubudala, waba nomntwana ngo-1939. Lapho le ntombazane ikhala ngezinhlungu zesisu ezinzima, akekho owacabanga ukuthi kungani.
Ingane iphuthunyiswe ngunina esibhedlela ngoba isisu besiqala ukukhula sibonakala. Ekuqaleni, odokotela babecabanga ukuthi uphethwe isimila, njengoba wayeneminyaka emihlanu kuphela ubudala. Ngemva kokuhlolwa kukaLina, odokotela bathola ukuthi unezinyanga eziyisikhombisa ekhulelwe. Ngemva kwamasonto, ngo-May 14, 1939, wabeletha ingane yomfana enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-6, futhi kamuva wayiqamba ngokuthi uGerardo ngegama likadokotela owayemelapha.
U-Lina akabhekwa njengomama omncane kunabo bonke emhlabeni, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-80 kusukela kwazalwa indodana yakhe, usengumama omncane kunabo bonke emlandweni.
- Ungase ube nesithakazelo: "Ukuzivocavoca kobaba: omama nobaba abazisolayo?"
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi intombazane eneminyaka emihlanu ikhulelwe?
Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba intombazane encane kangaka ibe nengane? Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubuza ukuthi uLina wayevuthwe ngokwanele yini ngokomzimba ukuba akhulelwe.
Ubudala lapho ukuya esikhathini kuqala khona buwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwezici eziningi (izakhi zofuzo, ukudla okunempilo, umsebenzi womzimba, njll.). Kodwa-ke, impilo engcono kanye nokudla okunempilo kuye kwanda kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, yingakho iminyaka yokuqala iye yaqhubekela phambili uma kuqhathaniswa nesizukulwane esidlule. Njengamanje, isilinganiso sobudala lapho ukuya esikhathini kuqala siyiminyaka eyi-12,5 , futhi singavela eminyakeni eyi-8 noma eyi-9 ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunobufakazi bokuthi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, iminyaka lapho ukuya esikhathini kuqala kwaqala khona yayicishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-16.
Ngakho-ke uLina angaba kanjani nomntwana? Udokotela wathola ukuthi, nakuba intombazane yayineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, izitho zayo zobulili zase zivuthiwe ngokwanele ukuba ngumama. Lokhu yilokho okwaziwa kwezokwelapha ngokuthi ukuthomba kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Isihloko esinconyiwe: “Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchopho Bengane Nokuphuphuma Kwesisu: Umbono Wesayensi Yengqondo”
Ubani ubaba?
Impela miningi imibuzo entantayo engqondweni yomfundi njengoba efunda lesi sihloko. Nokho, ngaleso sikhathi kwakunombono wokuthi kungenzeka uyise wayenecala ngokukhulelwa kwendodakazi yakhe, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa waboshwa.
Kodwa njengoba kungekho bufakazi bokuthi unecala, wakhululwa ngamaphoyisa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Kuze kube namuhla, ubunikazi bangempela bukayise abukaze buvezwe. Indaba, elandiswa amaphephandaba amaningana, njengephephandaba laseBrithani i- The Sun , ukuthi uGerardo wakhula ecabanga ukuthi unina ungudadewabo. Umqondo wokuthi wayemncane kangaka nonina wawungadala isihlamba esakhiwe emphakathini esasingabahlupha bobabili nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngakho sahlala sifihliwe. Watshelwa eneminyaka eyi-10 kuphela ukuthi uLina wayengunina. UGerardo wakhula ephilile, kodwa washona eneminyaka engama-40 ngemuva kokugula ngesifo samathambo. Unina usaphila nanamuhla.
Yini okufanele yenziwe kulezi zimo?
Ukuba khona kwezingane ezikhulelwe kuwuphawu lokuntuleka kokuvikelwa okuhlushwa yintsha eningi , kwezinye izimo okubabeka engozini emindenini yabo. La macala abonisa isidingo sezinsizakalo zomphakathi ezilungiselelwe kahle ezinezinsizakusebenza, kanye nomthetho ovumela izinyathelo ezikhethiwe kulezi zimo zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwala mantombazane nentsha.
Kudingeka noshintsho lwesiko ukuze kumiswe ukucwasa laba besifazane abasebasha nokubasola ngakho konke okwenzeke kubo, kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi okuholela ekungakwamukelini ukudlwengulwa noma ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi okufihliwe ngemuva kwesivumelwano esingamanga sobabili njengamacala avamile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunakekelwa kwe-psychotherapeutic nakho kuvame ukudingekile ukubhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene nemfundo, ukuvikela ukuzethemba, nokulawula izingxabano zomndeni ezivame ukubangelwa ukukhulelwa kwezingane.
Ukukhulelwa kwezingane ezincane eSpain
ESpain, ukukhulelwa kwezingane kuyenzeka futhi. Ngo-2008, iNational Statistics Institute (INE) yenza ucwaningo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi bangaki omama abancane abazalwa ngalowo nyaka. Imiphumela iphethe ngokuthi abengu-178 amantombazane aneminyaka engaphansi kuka-15 angomama.
Idatha yabo iphinde yembula ukuthi, kusukela ngawo-90, inani lokukhulelwa kwamantombazane angaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 alizange lehle ngamacala angaphezu kuka-80 ngonyaka . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe kucatshangelwe ukuthi izingane eziningi ezikhulelwe ziyakhipha izisu; ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwezilinganiso, inani langempela okungenani liyi-500 yokukhulelwa ngonyaka.
Umntwana omncane ozelwe eSpain uneminyaka eyi-10. Ngokusho kwephephandaba i-El País, umama wabelethela eJerez.