I-Baja California iyinhlonhlo esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMexico, eyaziwa ngokucebile kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nobuhle bemvelo. Lesi sifunda sinezinhlobonhlobo zemithombo yemvelo, okuhlanganisa izingwadule, izintaba, amabhishi, ulwandle kanye nezilwane zasendle ezihlukile. Phakathi kwemithombo ebaluleke kakhulu yaseBaja California indawo yayo yokulondoloza amanzi olwandle, lapho kungase kubonakale khona imikhomo, amahlengethwa namabhubesi olwandle, nezindawo zayo eziwugwadule eziwugwadule, eziyikhaya lezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezijwayele izimo ezomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifunda sinemithombo ebalulekile yamaminerali, njengegolide, isiliva, ithusi nosawoti. Lezi zinsiza zemvelo zidlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni nase-ecosystem yase-Baja California.
Imithombo yemvelo eyinhloko yaseMexico: iyini futhi itholakala kuphi?
Itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMexico, isifundazwe saseBaja California saziwa ngokuhlukahluka kwaso kwemithombo yemvelo ecebile. Phakathi kwemithombo yemvelo eyinhloko yesifunda kukhona izindawo zokugcina amaminerali njengegolide, isiliva, ithusi, nensimbi, kanye negesi yemvelo kanye namafutha. Lawa maminerali atholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakathi neziseningizimu yeBaja California, okunegalelo elikhulu emnothweni wendawo.
Ngaphezu kwezimbiwa, lesi sifunda saziwa nangokuba nemithombo yamanzi eminingi . I-Baja California inemifula, amachibi, kanye namachibi ahlinzeka ngamanzi kwezolimo, izimboni, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwabantu. Lesi sifunda futhi siyikhaya lezinhlobo ezahlukene zemvelo , okuhlanganisa ugwadule, amahlathi, kanye nezihlahla ze-mangrove, eziqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane.
Esinye isici semvelo esibalulekile seBaja California amandla ayo . Lesi sifunda saziwa ngemimoya yaso enamandla, okwenza sibe yindawo ekahle yokuphehla amandla omoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iBaja California nayo inamandla amakhulu okuphehla amandla elanga ngenxa yendawo yayo ekhethekile.
Kafushane, i-Baja California iyisifunda esicebile ngemithombo yemvelo, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwaso kwezomnotho nokusimeme. Ngamaminerali ayo, izinsiza zamanzi, imvelo, namandla ayo, i-Baja California inokuningi engakunikeza mayelana nemithombo yemvelo.
Ungafika kanjani e-Baja California: amathiphu okufinyelela le ndawo emangalisayo.
Kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokufika esifundeni sase-Baja California eMexico. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu ukundizela esikhumulweni sezindiza i-Tijuana International, esisemngceleni we-United States. Ukusuka lapho, ungaqasha imoto futhi uqhubeke nohambo lwakho ngomgwaqo omkhulu iTranspeninsular ukuya endaweni oyifunayo.
Enye indlela ukuwela umngcele nomhlaba, kungaba ngemoto noma ngezinto zokuhamba zomphakathi. Idolobha laseSan Diego, e-United States, lingenye yezinketho eziseduze kakhulu zalabo abafisa ukuwela umngcele futhi bahlole isifunda saseBaja California.
Icebiso elibalulekile ukuqaphela izimo zethrafikhi nokuphepha esifundeni, kanye nokuba nomshwalense wokuhamba. I-Baja California yaziwa ngezindawo zayo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nezindawo zemvelo ezikhangayo, njengezilwandle, amahlane, nezintaba, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuhlela kusengaphambili nokusebenzisa konke okunikezwa yizindawo.
Jabulela ubuhle bemvelo besifunda sase-Baja California futhi ujabulele uhambo olungenakulibaleka!
Yiziphi izinsiza zemvelo zase-Baja California?
Imithombo yemvelo ebaluleke kakhulu yase-Baja California idiphozithi yamaminerali, izitshalo nezindawo zokudoba.
I-Baja California ingesinye sezifundazwe ezakha i-United States of Mexico. Itholakala enyakatho yezwe, yasungulwa ngo-1952 futhi inhloko-dolobha yayo iMexicali.
Amanye amadolobha abalulekile yi-Ensenada neTijuana. Lesi sakamuva sisemngceleni ne-United States, okuyenza ibe ngenye yezindawo eziwela imingcele ebaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwala mazwe womabili.
Ihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-71.576 futhi inqamula ugu olubili. Ngasentshonalanga kukhona uLwandlekazi iPacific, kanti ngasempumalanga umngcele weGulf of California.
Isimo sezulu sayo siyahlukahluka ukusuka eMedithera kuya komile, ngakho imithombo yayo yemvelo ihlukahlukene.
Ngokusho kwe-INEGI (National Institute of Statistics and Geography), inezindawo zemvelo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezivikelwe, ama-42% wendawo.
Imithombo yamanzi, usongo lokushoda
Naphezu kokuba nezindawo zezintaba ezinemifula eminingana, imithombo yamanzi yaseBaja California impofu kakhulu.
Imvula yaminyaka yonke ayitholakali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziwugwadule. Eqinisweni, iphesenti elikhulu lemvula ligxile endaweni eyodwa, eSigodini sase-Mexicali, esibalelwa ku-88% wemvula yombuso.
Ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yala manzi inikezwa umthombo owodwa eMfuleni iColorado. Kufanele kukhulunywe ngokukhethekile ngezindawo ezisogwini, lapho kutholakala khona imithombo yemvelo eminingi.
Izinsiza zamaminerali. Umcebo wendawo engaphansi
Umbuso ucebile ngamadiphozi amaminerali ezinhlobo ezahlukene. Enye ephawuleka kakhulu yileyo etholakala esiqhingini saseSan Marcos, equkethe amathani ayizigidi eziyikhulu egypsum.
Kukhona futhi imithambo eminingi yegolide esabalele esifundeni sonke. Ngaphezu kwe-titanium, i-tungsten, nezinye izimbiwa, iGuerrero Negro ikhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezinhlanu kasawoti minyaka yonke. Lezi ziqiwu zibhekwa njengezingenakuqedwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezinye idiphozithi zamaminerali angewona ezensimbi, njengobumba, amatshe, i-kaolin noma i-talc.
I-Flora Ukusuka eMedithera kuya ogwadule
Izitshalo ezikhona kuHulumeni zinqunywa izifunda ezimbili ze-phytogeographic lapho ihlukaniswe khona.
Esokuqala yisifunda esibizwa ngeMedithera, ngenxa yesimo sezulu saso. Inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-4.5000 ezihlukene.
Lesi sifunda sihlanganisa indawo yendunduma egudla ugu lwePacific kanye neGulf, enabantu abahlukile.
Isifunda sesibili siwugwadule olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Le ndawo ayivundile kangako ngenxa yesimo sezulu esomile.
Nokho, ezinye zezinhlobo zezwe ezaziwa kakhulu ziyavela, njenge-Agave nezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti.
Imfuyo ye-Fauna Maritime
Izilwane zase-Baja California nazo zinqunywa kakhulu yizindawo zezulu ezihlukene ezakha isifunda.
Ezifundeni ezinemvula kakhulu, sithola izilwane ezinkulu, njengezimpungushe nezinyamazane. Nokho, ezindaweni eziwugwadule, inani labantu lakhiwa izibonelo ezincane. Okujwayelekile kule ndawo yizinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoka, amagundane amancane nezimpungushe.
Ezigwini ziyikhaya lezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Imikhomo empunga isiwumthombo omkhulu wemali engenayo, ngenxa yezivakashi eziningi eziza ukuzoyibona.
Siphinde sihlangane nezimvu zamanzi namahlengethwa. Ukudoba kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho kule ndawo.
Izinkomba
- I-National Institute of Federalism and Municipal Development – Encyclopedia of Municipalities and Delegations of Mexico. Kubuyiswe ku-século.inafed.gob.mx
- Uhulumeni wesifunda sase-Baja California. Kubuyiswe ku-bajacalifornia.gob.mx
- I-National Institute of Federalism kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Komasipala. Kubuyiswe ku-inegi.org.mx
- UDkt. Rhoda Richard, Burton, Tony. I-Geo-Mexico; I-Geography kanye ne-Dynamics ye-Modern Mexico. Kubuyiswe ku-geo-mexico.com.